Scintillation Crystals and Detectors: NaI (Tl)

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Scintillation Crystals and Detectors: NaI (Tl)

Description

Sodium Iodide doped with thallium (NaI(Tl)) is a popular scintillation crystal used in detectors for gamma spectroscopy and medical imaging applications such as SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography). It has high light output, good energy resolution, and is relatively inexpensive compared to other scintillators. NaI(Tl) has a high stopping power for gamma rays, making it well-suited for detecting low-energy gamma radiation. It is also relatively easy to grow large, high-quality crystals of NaI(Tl) using the Bridgman method. However, it is sensitive to temperature and moisture, and its light output may deteriorate over time.

Specification

Properties/crystal	NaI (Tl)
Crystal structure	cubic
Lattice constant( Å )	6.46
Melting point, °C	924
Density, g/cm³	3.67
Mohn hardness	2
Thermal expansion, 10^-6/K	47.4
Refractive index	1.85
Emission wavelength (nm )	410
Decay constant (ns )	230
Radiation length (cm )	2.9
Hygroscopic	yes
Afterglow % at 6ms	0.5 - 5.0
Effective atomic number	50
Light yield [photons/MeVy]	38 x 10³
Background, pulse/sec/kg	< 3.0
Crystal cleavage plane	(100)

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